linuxuname命令用法?
Linuxuname命令用法:命令用於顯示系統信息。
uname可顯示電腦以及操作系統的相關信息。
語法
uname
參數說明:
-a或--all顯示全部的信息。
-m或--machine顯示電腦類型。
-n或--nodename顯示在網絡上的主機名稱。
-r或--release顯示操作系統的發行編號。
-s或--sysname顯示操作系統名稱。
-v顯示操作系統的版本。
--help顯示幫助。
--version顯示版本信息。
顯示計算機類型:
#uname-m
x86_64
顯示計算機名:
#uname-n
runoob-linux
顯示操作系統發行編號:
#uname-r
4.11.0-14-generic
顯示操作系統名稱:
#uname-s
Linux
顯示系統版本與時間:
#uname-v
#20~16.04.1-UbuntuSMPWedAug909:06:22UTC2017
卡羅拉linuxoss是什麽?
linuxoss是在聲卡驅動程序中,壹個是OSS(開放式聲音系統),另壹個是alsa(高級Linux聲音體系結構)。OSS是壹個商用聲卡驅動程序,妳需要付費。壹般來說,我們使用的是alsa的聲音架構。
AdvancedLinuxsoundarchitecture縮寫為alsa,中文譯為Linux高級音響系統。Alsa不僅包括對聲卡的支持和驅動程序;
其功能如下:
1。高效支持所有音頻接口,從普通用戶的聲卡到專業級多聲道音頻設備;
2。聲卡驅動程序完全模塊化設計;
3。SMP和線程安全設計。
4。開發庫(alsa-LIB)提供了簡單方便的程序設計,具有先進的效果和功能;
linuxdmesg命令詳解?
linuxdmesg命令參數及用法詳解(linux顯示開機信息命令)
功能說明:顯示開機信息。
語法:dmesg
補充說明:kernel會將開機信息存儲在ringbuffer中。您若是開機時來不及查看信息,可利用dmesg來查看。開機信息亦保存在/var/log目錄中,名稱為dmesg的文件裏。
參數:
-c顯示信息後,清除ringbuffer中的內容。
-s緩沖區大小>預設置為8196,剛好等於ringbuffer的大小。
-n設置記錄信息的層級。擴展閱讀壹:dmesg命令主要用途
主要應用:
dmesg用來顯示內核環緩沖區(kernel-ringbuffer)內容,內核將各種消息存放在這裏。在系統引導時,內核將與硬件和模塊初始化相關的信息填到這個緩沖區中。內核環緩沖區中的消息對於診斷系統問題通常非常有用。在運行dmesg時,它顯示大量信息。通常通過less或grep使用管道查看dmesg的輸出,這樣可以更容易找到待查信息。例如,如果發現硬盤性能低下,可以使用dmesg來檢查它們是否運行在DMA模式:
$dmesg|grepDMA
...
ide0:BM-DMAat0xf000-0xf007,BIOSsettings:hda:DMA,hdb:DMA
ide1:BM-DMAat0xf008-0xf00f,BIOSsettings:hdc:DMA,hdd:DMA
...上面幾行可以說明每個IDE設備正在什麽模式下運行。如果以太網連接出現問題,那麽可以在dmesg日誌中搜索eth:
$dmesg|grepeth
forcedeth.c:ReverseEngineerednForce
ethernetdriver.Version0.49.
eth0:forcedeth.c:subsystem:0147b:1c00
boundto0000:00:04.0
eth0:noIPv6routerspresent如果壹切正常,那麽dmesg顯示每個網卡的硬件配置信息。如果某項系統服務未能得到正確的配置,dmesg日誌很快就填滿錯誤消息,這是診斷故障的良好起點。
還可以用來探測系統內核模塊的加載情況,比如要檢測ACPI的加載情況,使用dmesg|grepacpi
dmesg|egrep-i''(apm|acpi)''
Kernelcommandline:vga=274quietconsole=ttyS3,9600acpi=no-idleoot=/dev/hda3
ACPI:CoreSubsystemversion
ACPI:Subsystemenabled
ACPI:Systemfirmwaresupports:C2
ACPI:plvl2lat=99plvl3lat=1001
ACPI:C2enter=1417C2exit=354
ACPI:C3enter=-1C3exit=-1
ACPI:NotusingACPIidle
ACPI:Systemfirmwaresupports:S0S1S4S5
擴展閱讀二:dmesg命令使用示例
使用示例
示例壹將開機信息發郵件
mandmesg寫道
Theprogramhelpsuserstoprintouttheirbootupmessages.Insteadofcopyingthemessagesbyhand,theuserneedonly:
dmesg>boot.messages
andmailtheboot.messagesfiletowhoevercandebugtheirproblem.
#dmesg>boot.messages
#ls-lboot.messages
-rw-r--r--1rootroot1583812-0912begin_of_the_skype_highlighting
1583812-0912免費end_of_the_skype_highlighting:55boot.messages#mail-s"BootLogofLinuxServer"public@web3q.netboot.messages
#示例二瀏覽dmesg輸出的信息
#uname-a
Linuxnew552.6.18-194.el5#1SMPTueMar1621:52:43EDT2010i686i686i386GNU/Linux#dmesg|less
Linuxversion2.6.18-194.el5(mockbuild@x86-007.build.bos.redhat.com)(gccversion4.1.220080704(RedHat4.1.2-48))#1SMPTueMar1621:52:43EDT2010
BIOS-providedphysicalRAMmap:
BIOS-e820:0000000000010000-000000000009fc00(usable)
BIOS-e820:000000000009fc00-00000000000a0000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000000e0000-0000000000100000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:0000000000100000-000000001f7d0000(usable)
BIOS-e820:000000001f7d0000-000000001f7efc00(reserved)
BIOS-e820:000000001f7efc00-000000001f7fb000(ACPINVS)
BIOS-e820:000000001f7fb000-000000001f800000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000e0000000-00000000f0000000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000fec00000-00000000fec02000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000fed20000-00000000fed9b000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000feda0000-00000000fedc0000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000ffb00000-00000000ffc00000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000fff00000-0000000100000000(reserved)
0MBHIGHMEMavailable.
503MBLOWMEMavailable.
Memoryforcrashkernel(0x0to0x0)notwithinpermissiblerange
disablingkdump
Usingx86segmentlimitstoapproximateNXprotection
Onnode0totalpages:128976
DMAzone:4096pages,LIFObatch:0
Normalzone:124880pages,LIFObatch:31
DMI2.3present.
UsingAPICdriverdefault
ACPI:RSDP(v000HP)@0x000fe270
ACPI:RSDT(v001HP30C40x31100620HP0x00000001)@0x1f7efc84
ACPI:FADT(v002HP30C40x00000002HP0x00000001)@0x1f7efc00
ACPI:MADT(v001HP30C40x00000001HP0x00000001)@0x1f7efcb8
ACPI:MCFG(v001HP30C40x00000001HP0x00000001)@0x1f7efd14
ACPI:SSDT(v001HPHPQPpc0x00001001MSFT0x0100000e)@0x1f7f6698
ACPI:DSDT(v001HPDAU000x00010000MSFT0x0100000e)@0x00000000
ACPI:PM-TimerIOPort:0x1008
ACPI:LocalAPICaddress0xfec01000
ACPI:LAPIC(acpi_idlapic_idenabled)
Processor#06:13APICversion20
ACPI:LAPIC_NMI(acpi_idhighedgelint)
ACPI:IOAPIC(idaddressgsi_base)
IOAPIC:apic_id1,version32,address0xfec00000,GSI0-23
:
示例三查看dmesg尾部的信息
#dmesg|tail
Bluetooth:L2CAPver2.8
Bluetooth:L2CAPsocketlayerinitialized
Bluetooth:RFCOMMsocketlayerinitialized
Bluetooth:RFCOMMTTYlayerinitialized
Bluetooth:RFCOMMver1.8
Bluetooth:HIDP(HumanInterfaceEmulation)ver1.1
eth0:noIPv6routerspresent
Installingknfsd(copyright(C)1996okir@monad.swb.de).
NFSD:Using/var/lib/nfs/v4recoveryastheNFSv4staterecoverydirectory
NFSD:starting90-secondgraceperiod
#
示例四安裝SS7卡驅動時的內核日誌
#cdSS7HD_DRIVER/
#ls
bbdddlnx_iss.hbbd_hbi.hbbd_ioc.cbbd_isr.cbbd_pci.cBSD_license.txtGPL_V2-only_license.txtinstall_ss7hd.shMakefile26
bbd_def.hbbd_hs.cbbd_ioc.hbbd_lnx.cbbd_pro.hbuild_ss7hd.shi21555.hMakefile24
#./build_ss7hd.sh
make:Enteringdirectory`/usr/src/kernels/2.6.9-22.EL-i686'
CC/root/setup/ss7dpklnx/SS7HD_DRIVER/bbd_hs.o
CC/root/setup/ss7dpklnx/SS7HD_DRIVER/bbd_ioc.o
CC/root/setup/ss7dpklnx/SS7HD_DRIVER/bbd_isr.o
CC/root/setup/ss7dpklnx/SS7HD_DRIVER/bbd_pci.o
CC/root/setup/ss7dpklnx/SS7HD_DRIVER/bbd_lnx.o
LD/root/setup/ss7dpklnx/SS7HD_DRIVER/ss7hddvr26.o
Buildingmodules,stage2.
MODPOST
CC/root/setup/ss7dpklnx/SS7HD_DRIVER/ss7hddvr26.mod.o
LD/root/setup/ss7dpklnx/SS7HD_DRIVER/ss7hddvr26.ko
make:Leavingdirectory`/usr/src/kernels/2.6.9-22.EL-i686'/command/dmesg.html#./install_ss7hd.sh
#lsmod|grepss7
ss7hddvr26258080
#dmesg|tail
ACPI:PCIinterrupt0000:02:0d.0->GSI9(level,low)->IRQ9
BBD64bit
SS7HD-suspend
DialogicSS7HDDeviceDriverV100.00(SourceV1.21)
Copyright(C)DialogicCorporation2003-2010.AllRightsReserved
Usingmajordevicenumber251.
ACPI:PCIinterrupt0000:02:0d.0->GSI9(level,low)->IRQ9
BBD64bit
#./install_ss7hd.shremove
#lsmod|grepss7
#dmesg|tail
BBD64bit
SS7HD-suspend
DialogicSS7HDDeviceDriverV100.00(SourceV1.21)
Copyright(C)DialogicCorporation2003-2010.AllRightsReserved
Usingmajordevicenumber251.
ACPI:PCIinterrupt0000:02:0d.0->GSI9(level,low)->IRQ9
BBD64bit
SS7HD-suspend
#
示例五打印並清除內核環形緩沖區
#dmesg-c
Linuxversion2.6.18-194.el5(mockbuild@x86-007.build.bos.redhat.com)(gccversion4.1.220080704(RedHat4.1.2-48))#1SMPTueMar1621:52:43EDT2010
BIOS-providedphysicalRAMmap:
BIOS-e820:0000000000010000-000000000009fc00(usable)
BIOS-e820:000000000009fc00-00000000000a0000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000000e0000-0000000000100000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:0000000000100000-000000001f7d0000(usable)
BIOS-e820:000000001f7d0000-000000001f7efc00(reserved)
BIOS-e820:000000001f7efc00-000000001f7fb000(ACPINVS)
BIOS-e820:000000001f7fb000-000000001f800000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000e0000000-00000000f0000000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000fec00000-00000000fec02000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000fed20000-00000000fed9b000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000feda0000-00000000fedc0000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000ffb00000-00000000ffc00000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000fff00000-0000000100000000(reserved)
0MBHIGHMEMavailable.
503MBLOWMEMavailable.
Memoryforcrashkernel(0x0to0x0)notwithinpermissiblerange
disablingkdump
Usingx86segmentlimitstoapproximateNXprotection
Onnode0totalpages:128976
DMAzone:4096pages,LIFObatch:0
Normalzone:124880pages,LIFObatch:31
DMI2.3present.省略輸出
Bluetooth:HIDP(HumanInterfaceEmulation)ver1.1
eth0:noIPv6routerspresent
Installingknfsd(copyright(C)1996okir@monad.swb.de).
NFSD:Using/var/lib/nfs/v4recoveryastheNFSv4staterecoverydirectory
NFSD:starting90-secondgraceperiod
#dmesg#less/var/log/dmesg
Linuxversion2.6.18-194.el5(mockbuild@x86-007.build.bos.redhat.com)(gccversion4.1.220080704(RedHat4.1.2-48))#1SMPTueMar1621:52:43EDT2010
BIOS-providedphysicalRAMmap:
BIOS-e820:0000000000010000-000000000009fc00(usable)
BIOS-e820:000000000009fc00-00000000000a0000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000000e0000-0000000000100000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:0000000000100000-000000001f7d0000(usable)
BIOS-e820:000000001f7d0000-000000001f7efc00(reserved)
BIOS-e820:000000001f7efc00-000000001f7fb000(ACPINVS)
BIOS-e820:000000001f7fb000-000000001f800000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000e0000000-00000000f0000000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000fec00000-00000000fec02000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000fed20000-00000000fed9b000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000feda0000-00000000fedc0000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000ffb00000-00000000ffc00000(reserved)
BIOS-e820:00000000fff00000-0000000100000000(reserved)
0MBHIGHMEMavailable.
503MBLOWMEMavailable.
Memoryforcrashkernel(0x0to0x0)notwithinpermissiblerang