晉朝人樂廣曾經請朋友到家裏喝酒。當那個朋友喝了壹口酒,正準備把杯子放到桌上的時候,突然看見杯子裏漂著壹條小蛇,心裏就有點不安,不過還是勉強喝了那杯酒。
回家之後,那個朋友就生了病。樂廣派人去問候他,才知道原因是他懷疑杯子裏有小蛇。所以,樂廣很仔細地觀察他家壹遍,追究事情的緣由。後來,他發現墻上掛了壹把弓,弓的影子倒映在酒杯裏看起來很像壹條小蛇。
後來,他再把朋友請到家裏,讓他朋友看清楚墻上的弓,再請他看看杯子裏的東西。最後,他朋友終於明白杯子裏並沒有小蛇的時候,病立刻就好了。
人窮誌不短
春秋時候,吳國的公子季禮壹人出外漫遊。這天,他來到壹個地方,正走著,忽然發現不知誰遺失的壹串錢躺在路中央。季禮想把錢拾起來,但又覺得彎腰去撿錢有失身份,這種事不應該由我這樣的貴公子去做。他壹邊想著壹邊朝四面張望,看有沒有人走過來。
剛巧,當時正有壹個打柴的人擔著柴禾從前邊過來了。季禮心想,叫這人把錢撿去,他壹定會十分感激,他挑的那兩捆柴還未見得值得這麽多錢哩。
等那打柴人走到跟前,季禮看清了他身上竟然還穿著冬天的皮襖,而眼下正是初夏5月,雖還不十分炎熱,但穿著皮祆也是夠嗆的,季禮認為這人壹定很貧窮,讓他把錢撿去正好。
於是季禮大聲朝打柴人喊道:“餵,妳快來把地上的錢拾起來。”
打柴人壹看季禮那個樣子,感到很生氣,他把鐮刀往地上壹扔,擺著手,朝季禮瞪大眼睛說:“妳是誰?憑什麽居高臨下看不起人?我既然能在炎熱的夏天穿著皮襖去打柴,難道我會是個貪圖錢財的人嗎?”
季禮壹聽打柴人的話,心裏不免有幾分敬意,連忙向他道歉說:“實在對不起,是我錯看了人,請不要見怪!請問先生高姓大名?”
打柴人鄙夷地朝季禮淡淡壹笑道:“妳這人見識短淺,只會從表面上看問題,還那麽盛氣淩人,我有什麽必要對妳說出我的姓名呢?”說著,打柴人頭都沒回,也不再理睬季禮,拿起鐮刀,對地上的錢連看都沒看壹眼就走了。
季禮看著打柴人漸漸遠去的背影,慚愧不已。
有些人常常憑自己的淺薄見識去衡量別人,實在未免有點“以小人之心度君子之腹”了。
塞翁失馬 焉知非福
戰國時期有壹位老人,名叫塞翁。他養了許多馬,壹天馬群中忽然有壹匹走失了。鄰居們聽到這事,都來安慰他不必太著急,年齡大了,多註意身體。塞翁見有人勸慰,笑笑說:“丟了壹匹馬損失不大,沒準還會帶來福氣。”
鄰居聽了塞翁的話,心裏覺得好笑。馬丟了,明明是件壞事,他卻認為也許是好事,顯然是自我安慰而已。可是過了沒幾天,丟馬不僅自動回家,還帶回壹匹駿馬。
鄰居聽說馬自己回來了,非常佩服塞翁的預見,向塞翁道賀說:“還是您老有遠見,馬不僅沒有丟,還帶回壹匹好馬,真是福氣呀。”
塞翁聽了鄰人的祝賀,反到壹點高興的樣子都沒有,憂慮地說:“白白得了壹匹好馬,不壹定是什麽福氣,也許惹出什麽麻煩來。”
鄰居們以為他故作姿態純屬老年人的狡猾。心裏明明高興,有意不說出來。
塞翁有個獨生子,非常喜歡騎馬。他發現帶回來的那匹馬顧盼生姿,身長蹄大,嘶鳴嘹亮,膘悍神駿,壹看就知道是匹好馬。他每天都騎馬出遊,心中洋洋得意。
壹天,他高興得有些過火,打馬飛奔,壹個趔趄,從馬背上跌下來,摔斷了腿。鄰居聽說,紛紛來慰問。
塞翁說:“沒什麽,腿摔斷了卻保住性命,或許是福氣呢。”鄰居們覺得他又在胡言亂語。他們想不出,摔斷腿會帶來什麽福氣。
不久,匈奴兵大舉入侵,青年人被應征入伍,塞翁的兒子因為摔斷了腿,不能去當兵。入伍的青年都戰死了,唯有塞翁的兒子保全了性命。
Blessing or Bane (Sai Weng Shi Ma, Yan Zhi Fei Fu)
Near China's northern borders lived a man well versed in the practices of Taoism. His horse, for no reason at all, got into the territory of the northern tribes. Everyone commiserated with him.
"Perhaps this will soon turn out to be a blessing," said his father.
After a few months, his animal came back, leading a fine horse from the north. Everyone congratulated him.
"Perhaps this will soon turn out to be a cause of misfortune," said his father.
Since he was well-off and kept good horses his son became fond of riding and eventually broke his thigh bone falling from a horse. Everyone commiserated with him.
"Perhaps this will soon turn out to be a blessing," said his father.
One year later, the northern tribes started a big invasion of the border regions. All able-bodied young men took up arms and fought against the invaders, and as a result, around the border nine out of ten men died. This man's son did not join in the fighting because he was crippled and so both the boy and his father survived.