賓語從句三註意,時態語序引導詞;
主句壹般現在時,從句不需受限制;
主句壹般過去時,從句須用相應時;
陳述句轉化that引,壹般疑問句用if/whether,
特殊問句疑問詞,引導詞後陳述式。
.當主句是壹般現在時,壹般將來時或祈使句時,從句不受主句的限制,根據自身的需要選用相應的時態。例如:
I know that he'll come back in an hour.
當主句是壹般過去時,從句要用過去時的相應時態。例如:
He said that he would go to Beijing.
當主句是壹般過去時,而從句表示的是客觀真理,自然現象,科學原理,格言等,從句仍然要用壹般現在時。例如:
He said that the earth moves round the sun.
陳述句轉化成賓語從句時,引導詞用that,口語中常常省略;壹般疑問句轉化成賓語從句時,引導詞用if/whether;
特殊疑問句轉化成賓語從句時,引導詞用特殊疑問詞;引導詞後要用陳述句語序。例如:
He'll leave a message on the desk. He says...
→He says that he'll leave a message on the desk.
特殊性:
A:當do you think後接特殊疑問句轉化成賓語從句時,句式結構應為引導詞+do you think+陳述句語序。例如:
When do you think he'll come back?
當主句的謂語動詞是think, believe, suppose, guess等時,而且主句的主語是第壹人稱時,反意疑問句要和從句保持壹致,並且要註意否定的轉移。例如:
I think he'll come back soon, won't he?
賓語從句的轉化
1.當主句的謂語動詞是hope, wish, agree, choose, decide等帶賓語從句時,而且主從句的主語壹致時,這時從句可以簡化成不定式結構。例如:
We hope that we shall see you soon.
→We hope to see you soon.
當主句的謂語動詞是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等後面帶特殊疑問句轉化的賓語時,主從句的主語也須壹致這時從句可以簡化成“疑問詞+不定式結構”。例如:
I don't know which sweater I should buy.
→I don't know which sweater to buy
當主句的謂語動詞是ask,tell, show, teach等後面帶雙賓語時,從句的主語和間接賓語壹致,且從句是由特殊疑問句轉化來時,從句可以轉化成“疑問詞+不定式結構”。例如:
Could you tell me how I can get to the park?
→Could you tell me how to get to the park?