有人問了,“我沒有記住名言,怎麽辦?尤其是英語名言?”,很好辦:編!
原理:我們看到的東西很多都是創造出來的,包括我們欣賞的文章也是,所以盡管編,但是壹定要聽起來很有道理呦!而且沒準將來我們就是名人呢!對吧?
經典句型:
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (適用於已記住的名言)
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. (適用於自編名言)
更多經典句型:
As everyone knows, No one can deny that…
2. 開頭萬能公式二:數字統計
原理:要想更有說服力,就應該用實際的數字來說明。
原則上在議論文當中十不應該出現虛假數字的,可是在考試的時候哪管那三七二十壹,但編無妨,只要我有東西寫就萬事大吉了。所以不妨試用下面的句型:
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.
看起來這個數字文鄒鄒的,其實都是編造出來的,下面隨便幾個題目我們都可以這樣編造:
Honesty
根據最近的壹項統計調查顯示,大學生向老師請假的理由當中78%都是假的。
Travel by Bike
根據最近的壹項統計調查顯示,85%的人在近距離旅行的時候首選的交通工具是自行車。
Youth
根據最近的壹項統計調查顯示,在某個大學,學生的課余時間的70%都是在休閑娛樂。
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?
根據最近的壹項統計調查顯示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。
更多句型:
A recent statistics shows that …
寫作絕招
結尾萬能公式:
1. 結尾萬能公式壹:如此結論
說完了,畢竟要歸納壹番,相信各位都有這樣的經歷,領導長篇大論,到最後終於冒出個“總而言之”之類的話,我們馬上停止開小差,等待領導說結束語。也就是說,開頭很好,也必然要有壹個精彩的結尾,讓讀者眼前壹亮,這樣,妳就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子:
Obviously(此為過渡短語), we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.
如果讀者很難“顯而見之”,但說無妨,就當讀者的眼光太淺罷了!
更多過渡短語:
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus
更多句型:
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that…
2. 結尾萬能公式二:如此建議
如果說“如此結論”是結尾最沒用的廢話,那麽“如此建議”應該是最有價值的廢話了,因為這裏雖然也是廢話,但是卻用了壹個很經典的虛擬語氣的句型。拽!
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.
這裏的虛擬語氣用得很經典,因為考官本來經常考這個句型,而如果我們自己寫出來,妳說考官會怎麽想呢?
更多句型:
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.
寫作絕招
寫作的“七項基本原則”:
壹、 長 短 句原則
工作還得壹張壹馳呢,老讓讀者讀長句,累死人!寫壹個短小精辟的句子,相反,卻可以起到畫龍點睛的作用。而且如果我們把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主題:
Asa creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet theprimary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectualneed of mind, they are in a way quite similar.
如此可見,長短句結合,抑揚頓挫,豈不爽哉?牢記!
強烈建議:在文章第壹段(開頭)用壹長壹短,且先長後短;在文章主體部分,要先用壹個短句解釋主要意思,然後在闡述幾個要點的時候采用先短後長的句群形式,定會讓主體部分妙筆生輝!文章結尾壹般用壹長壹短就可以了。
二、 主 題 句原則
國有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否則會給人造成“群龍無首”之感!相信各位讀過壹些破爛文學,故意把主體隱藏在文章之內,結果造成我們稀裏糊塗!不知所雲!所以奉勸各位壹定要寫壹個主題句,放在文章的開頭(保險型)或者結尾,讓讀者壹目了然,必會平安無事!
特別提示:隱藏主體句可是要冒險的!
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主題句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.
三、 壹 二 三原則
領導講話總是第壹部分、第壹點、第二點、第三點、第二部分、第壹點… 如此羅嗦。可畢竟還是條理清楚。考官們看文章也必然要通過這些關鍵性的“標簽”來判定妳的文章是否結構清楚,條理自然。破解方法很簡單,只要把下面任何壹組的詞匯加入到妳的幾個要點前就清楚了。
1)first, second, third, last(不推薦,原因:俗)
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推薦,原因:俗)
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推薦,原因:俗)
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推薦,原因:俗)
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(強烈推薦)
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(強烈推薦)
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(強烈推薦)
8)most important of all, moreover, finally
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(適用於兩點的情況)
10)for one thing, for another thing(適用於兩點的情況)
建議:不僅僅在寫作中註意,平時說話的時候也應該條理清楚!
四、 短語優先原則
寫作時,尤其是在考試時,如果使用短語,有兩個好處:其壹、用短語會使文章增加亮點,如果老師們看到妳的文章太簡單,看不到壹個自己不認識的短語,必然會看妳低壹等。相反,如果發現亮點—精彩的短語,那麽妳的文章定會得高分了。其二、關鍵時刻思維短路,只有湊字數,怎麽辦?用短語是壹個辦法!比如:
I cannot bear it.
可以用短語表達:I cannot put up with it.
I want it.
可以用短語表達:I am looking forward to it.
這樣字數明顯增加,表達也更準確。
五、 多實少虛原則
原因很簡單,寫文章還是應該寫壹些實際的東西,不要空話連篇。這就要求壹定要多用實詞,少用虛詞。我這裏所說的虛詞就是指那些比較大的詞。比如我們說壹個很好的時候,不應該之說nice這樣空洞的詞,應該使用壹些諸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之類的形象詞。再比如:
走出房間,general的詞是:walk out of the room
但是小偷走出房間應該說:slip out of the room
小姐走出房間應該說:sail out of the room
小孩走出房間應該說:dance out of the room
老人走出房間應該說:stagger out of the room
所以多用實詞,少用虛詞,文章將會大放異彩!
六、 多變句式原則
1)加法(串聯)
都希望寫下很長的句子,像個老外似的,可就是怕寫錯,怎麽辦,最保險的寫長句的方法就是這些,可以在任何句子之間加and, 但最好是前後的句子又先後關系或者並列關系。比如說:
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.
如果是二者並列的,我們可以用壹個超級句式:
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.
其它的短語可以用:
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover
2)轉折(拐彎抹角)
批評某人缺點的時候,我們總習慣先拐彎抹角說說他的優點,然後轉入正題,再說缺點,這種方式雖然陰險了點,可畢竟還比較容易讓人接受。所以呢,我們說話的時候,只要在要點之前先來點廢話,註意二者之間用個專這次就夠了。
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.
The coat was thin, but it was warm.
更多的短語:
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding
3)因果(so, so, so)
昨天在街上我看到了壹個女孩,然後我主動搭訕,然後我們去咖啡廳,然後我們認識了,然後我們成為了朋友…可見,講故事的時候我們總要追求先後順序,先什麽,後什麽,所以然後這個詞就變得很常見了。其實這個詞表示的是先後或因果關系!
The snow began to fall, so we went home.
更多短語:
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that
4)失衡句(頭重腳輕,或者頭輕腳重)
有些人腦袋大,身體小,或者有些人腦袋小,身體大,雖然我們不希望長成這個樣子,可如果真的是這樣了,也就必然會吸引別人的註意力。文章中如果出現這樣的句子,就更會讓考官看到妳的句子與眾不同。其實就是主語從句,表語從句,賓語從句的變形。
舉例:This is what I can do.
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.
同樣主語、賓語、表語可以改成如下的復雜成分:
When to go, Why he goes away…
5)附加(多此壹舉)
如果有了老婆,總會遇到這樣的情況,當妳再講某個人的時候,她會插壹句說,我昨天見過他;或者說,就是某某某,如果把老婆的話插入到我們的話裏面,那就是定語從句和同位語從句或者是插入語。
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.
其實很簡單,同位語--要解釋的東西刪除後不影響整個句子的構成;定語從句—借用之前的關鍵詞並且用其重新組成壹個句子插入其中,但是whom or that 關鍵詞必須要緊跟在先行詞之前。
6)排比(排山倒海句)
文學作品中最吸引人的地方莫過於此,如果非要讓妳的文章更加精彩的話,那麽我希望妳引用壹個個的排比句,壹個個得對偶句,壹個個的不定式,壹個個地詞,壹個個的短語,如此表達將會使文章有排山倒海之勢!
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (氣勢恢宏)
要想寫出如此氣勢恢宏的句子非用排比不可!
七、 挑戰極限原則
既然十挑戰極限,必然是比較難的,但是並非不可攀!
原理:在學生的文章中,很少發現諸如獨立主格的句子,其實也很簡單,只要花上5分鐘的時間看看就可以領會,它就是分詞的壹種特殊形式,分詞要求主語壹致,而獨立主格則不然。比如:
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.
如果您可壹些出這樣的句子,不得高分才怪!
寫作絕招
文章主體段落三大殺手鐧:
壹、舉實例
思維短路,舉實例!提出壹個觀點,舉實例!提出壹個方案,舉實例!而且者也是我們揭示壹個觀點最好的方式,任何情況下,只要我們無法繼續文章,不管三七二十壹,盡管舉例子!
Inorder to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted everypossible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light,colours, cartoon films and human performance. For instance, toadvertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress tosit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fimehim or her.rast
更多句型:
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, for example
二、做比較
方法:寫完壹個要點,比較與之相似的;又寫完壹個要點,再比較與之相反的;
世界上沒有同樣的指紋,沒有相同的樹葉,文章亦同,只有通過比較,妳才會發現二者的相同點(through comparison)和不同點(through contrast)。下面是壹些短語:
相似的比較:
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner
相反的比較:
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, …
這個對 compare and contrast 題型很有用
三、換言之
沒話說了,可以換壹句話再說,讓妳的文章在多壹些字,或者文鄒鄒地說,是讓讀者更充分的理解妳的觀點。
實際就是重復重復再重復!下面的句子實際上就三個字 I love you!
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you.
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love with you.
或者上面我們舉過的例子:
I cannot bear it.
可以用短語表達:I cannot put up with it.
因此可以這樣說:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it.
更多短語:
in more difficult language, in simpler